Binder.



H. C. BLACKMER.

BINDER.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 24. 1905.

Patented May 5, 1914.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

. AM @Agia H. 0. BLACKMEB.

BINDER. APPLIOATION FILED APR. 24, 1905.

1,095,547. Patented May 5, 1914.

Va SHEETS-BEB 2.

H. C. BLACKMER.

BINDER.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. 24, 1905.

Patented May 5, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED sTATEsPATENT carica.

HERBERT C. BLACKMER, OIE' MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS..

BINDER.

Specification vof Letters Patent.

Patented Hay 5, 1914.

Application led April 24, .1905. Serial No. 257,067.

` panying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature My invention relates-to an improvement in binders and especially7 to a binder sultable for books of public record.

The essential object of my invention 1s to provide a binder so constructed that the bound parts or leaves held by the binder will lie flat without the necessity of holding them back when the binder is opened. This is a serious diiculty in the use of books made up of heavy stift' paper such as that on which public records are kept in that the leaves of the book will not lie flat when the book is opened and especially when the book is opened at some point other than about its center. This is true especially of loose leaf binders or books because the usual binder posts or pins which hold theleaves o r bound parts pass transversely throu h thelr binding edge which keeps the bac of the book from yielding and prevents the leaves from opening out to lie flat.

It is a still further object of my invention to furnish the binder comprising my invention with various new and improved parts, all of which can best be seen and understood by reference to the drawings in which- Figure 1 shows in perspective a binder or book embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a cross section of a rear portion of the same. F is. 3 to 6,`inclusive, show in various plans di erent structural parts of what will `rhereinafter be described as a modified form of the binder. Fig. 7 shows in cross section the different elements employed in the formation and construction of the modified binder. Fig. 8 shows a vertical section crosswise the back of the modified binder. Fig. 9 shows in side elevation the modified form of binder provided with a back. Fig. 10 is a vertical section crosswise the back of the modified binder showing the same provided with more than two bound sections. Fi 1l shows in cross vertical section the loc used'in connection with the hinge forming a portion of the binder. Fig. 12 showsin vertical section the lock applied to a hinge and especially showin the form of construction of the lock. ig. 13 shows in plan a mode of making the hinges forming one of the essential elements of the binder. Fig. 14 shows in perspective the members hereinafter referred to`forming the telescopic .back disconnected from the binder.

Referring to the drawings The binder or boo-k D Vcomprising my invention is shown retaining a number of bound sections or leaves B and is constructed as follows d, d1, respectively, represent its sides or covers, and cl2 its back, which is reinforced by a backing of wood or other suitable material d3. Between and joining the respective covers to the back of the book are placed the respective cover boards or binder plates d4, (Z5, each board or plate being joined to the cover by-a liexible hinge d and to the back of the book by an auxiliary hinge d. The interior of the book, as before described, is madeup of the bound sections of leaves B. These sections are separated from one another by hinges E which are composed of two metal plates or leaves e, e1, bound b some flexible material or webbing ezalong one edge, by which the plates may be operated together in the manner of the leaves of a hinge. Joining these hinges together and to the cover boards or plates are independent sets of posts F upon which the sections ofleaves B are impaled. I prefer to secure these posts by having one end permanently fixed by threaded connection or otherwise and then completing the connection at the other end of the post by a screw which is provided witha flanged head and which extends through the part to be joined and fastens onto the end of the post, as for example, I have shown these posts permanently joined at one end by screwing into the leaves of the hinges, while the other ends of the osts are secured by screws f which either asten through the cover boards or through the leaves of the hinges. 'A book thus made can be opened at any point and the leaves lie Hat, for as may be seen in Fig. 1, when the book is opened one or both hinges open, depending as the book is opened near the center or nearer one side. With the opening of the hinge or hinges, they, together with the bound parts secured to them, yield or spring forward as with an ordinary bound book, which enables the cover boards or plates, hinged as they are to the back. of the book, to open also, so opening the entire back of the binder and enabling the leaves to lie flat. Moreover the leaves will lie flat even when they "are bound with the long measurement. Of course, the covers proper hinged to the cover boards or plates may be turned still farther back and lie substantially llat on the surface on which the book is resting. Such opening of the book or binder makes the book open easily and as it is opened to gradually turn or roll over upon its back. Another advantage resides in the fact that`if it is desired to renew any one of the bound sections of the book this may be done without disturbing the other sections. Should the covers become worn the interior bound parts may be removed and placed in other covers without disturbing the bound sections or parts, the operation taking but a few moments and requiring no special skill.

While the interposed hinge or hinges are especially adapted to be used in binding sections of leaves boundor locked together as before described, they may, of course, be used with separate' or independent loose sheets, which are impaled upon the binder posts or pins in the usual manner.

Reference will now be made to another modified form of binding in which hinges are also used interposed between bound sections of the book and in which, also, provision is made for widening the space for receiving these sections by which the leaves may be built up.

The modiied form vof binding or book is shown complete in Fig. 9, G representing the book having cover boards or plates g, g1, joined' to the covers g2, g3, by the respective joints or flexible connection g4, g5. Between the respective cover boards are the bound sections of leaves B which are separated by one or more hinges E in the manner before described. I prefer to use but one hinge, but of course more'than one may be used as shown in Fig. l0. Each bound section of leaves hasseparate sets of post supports. The leaves adjacent to the cover boards or plates are impaled upon the posts F projecting from the cover boards or plates on the one side and on the other side support ed by another set of posts F1 projecting from the leaves of the adjacent hinges. In case there are two or more hinges then the section or sections of leaves between the hinges likewise have two separate sets of posts passing through them from opposite sides, the

posts being carried by .or Aliked to the leavesy of the hinges. The effect or advantage of the leaves or bound parts being thus impaled upon double sets of posts isthat the space between the cover boardsand their adjacenthinge or "hinges or bet-Ween sepa- Loewe? rate hinges may be widened and the leaves or ybound parts still be held in place or at least as long as the sets of opposingposts overlap. Thus provision is made for build-- ing up the bound'sections or parts. The hinges are adapted to be locked independ-` ently together or to the cover boards so locking the sections or leaves between them. For this purposeit is to be noted that there is employed a lock C, one part c of which is carried by the leaf of the hinge and the other part c1 carried by or secured to the cover board or plate. I prefer to make one part of the lock detachable, so the part 01 is simply passed through the cover board with its flanged head engaging the same. The part o it is to be noted is preferably made a permanent fixture on the hinge (see Fig. 12). In case two or more hinges are employed then the leat' of one hinge carries one part of the lock and the .leaf of the adj aeent hinge its complementary part, and one or both of whichparts may berdetachable, but preferably one part only, as shown. rIhus the hinges may not only be adjusted with respect to the cover boards and to each other depending as the sections of leavesor paper are built up between them, but. they may also be locked together at different points ot' their adjustment and the paper locked or bound between them. `Moreover it is mechanically obvious that sets oi' these adjustable locks might also be used as binder posts upon which the bound sections or leaves could be impaled. lVith respect to the lock also I prefer that it should be made end c@ which is so located as to be engaged by a pin or screw c passed down or inserted through the head of the lock, by which means the said memberis moved back against the spring ressing against it or away from the mem er c4 with which it is in normal engagement, as 'before described. The lock may then be' taken out. In case any bound section or part of the binder is filler H may be employed, which consists of a curved or bow-shaped spring z. interposed between the bound section or part and the cover board, as shown in 8, or between the section and the leaf of any hinge. The bow-shaped spring it is held in place by a plate itl to which it is fixed, this plate being held in place by the binder posts or pins and lock C .which pass through it. The binder is also shown provided with a detachable and extensible or telescopic back which is especially adapted to be applied separately to each of its sections. The back I comprises the plate members I1, I2. The member I1 is n composed ot` the plates z', il bentat right angles toone another, and the plate member I2 has plates 2, is similarly bent, and which releasable for which purpose I have provided the toot-hed member c5 with a lever,-

not sufficiently filled with leaves, then a lll@ plate 2 is provided also with clips t at either end for receiving the ends of the plate t when the parts are inconjunction, the plate i being adapted to t inside and alongside the plate t2 with its ends contained in the clipsat the end of saidplate. By

c this means the plates 1'., 2 are adapted to slide by o-ne another` so as to be drawn apart and form the extensible or telescopic back proper. The back is applied to the binder by -titting the plates 1, 3 ot the respective members over the binder posts outside the boundl section or part and between it and the cover board on the one side and the leaf of the adjacent hinge onthe other, or if used for backing a bound section, between two adjacent hinges, then the plates 'i3 are .impaled upon the opposite sets of binder posts outside the vbound section or part and between it and the leaves of the adjacent hinges. This makes a very simple form of detachable back and one which is also extensible or telescopic depending upon the thickness of the bound parts. 0f course, this form of back may be applied to any loose leaf binder made without a back.

By the expression bound parts which occurs herein I wish to be understood as meaningk either loose leaves held in the binder or sections ofleavfes, meaning leaves fastened together and afterward placed in the binder. j f

, Having thus fully described my invention,- I claim and desire to secure by Let-ters Patent of the United. States s- 1. A binder h aving binding plates, hinges located between said plates, binder posts or pins 4interposed between the binding plates and the leaves of hinges adjacent thereto,

and binder posts or pins interposed between the leaves of adjacent hinges and upon which posts or pins the bound parts are adapted to be arranged.

l 2. A binder having bindin plates, hinges located between said plates, binder posts or pins interposed between the binding plates and the leaves of hinges adjacent thereto, binder posts or pins interposed between the leaves of adjacent hinges and upon which posts or pins the bound parts are adapted to be arranged, and adjustable locks connecting each of the binding plates with the leaf of the hinge adjacent to it andconnecting also the leaves of adjacentv hinges.

3. In a. binder, a lock of the character specified having two hollow sections or parts, serrated or toothed members carried by said'parts one of which members is fixed, the other pivoted, andwhich members are adapted to interlock when the parts are united, means for holding said members in a normal engaging position, and a lever pro'- jecting from the end of said pivoted member and located in a position whereby itmay be engaged by a key passed through the head of said lock for separating its toothed members into a disengaging position.

4. A binder having binding plates, a hinge loca-ted between said plates and connected therewith, binder posts or pins interposed between said binding plates and said hinge on which posts or pins the boundv parts are adapted to be arranged to= form bound sections separated from one another by said hinge, andan extensible back for each one of said bound sections, said back comprising interlocking extensible members connecting with said posts or pins.

HERBERT C.V BLACKMER. vVitnessesz JOHN E'. R. HAYES, J. M. DoLAN. 

